Abstract
This study aimed to identify the direction of rainfall amount and their changes for selected regions in north and south of Iraq namely Mosul, Kirkuk, Samawa, for 31 years duration (1983-2013) and the impact of the wind erosive climatic factor (C), in order to find out the effect of wind speed and its most influential factor on wind erosive. The results showed that the amount of rainfall decreased in Mosul and Kirkuk by an average of 300.78 and 284.08 mm, respectively. While it increased in Samawa by an average of 105.27 mm, also drought coefficient (actual value of Precipitation) tended to decrease in Mosul and Kirkuk to 17.88 and 18.17 degrees within a very dry desert climate foreshadowing to the sovereignty of the scope of desertification conditions in these regions. Drought coefficient remained in the southern (Samawa) within the limits of 6-7 very dry climate and desert plant life. This climatic change has increased the values of wind erosive climatic factor in the regions of Mosul and Kirkuk, but it is still weak at average of 3.72 and 11.18 degrees respectively. Wind erosive in Samawa reached very high level values by 177 degrees. Results yielded in the inverse relationship between the average annual rainfall and drought coefficient with the wind erosive and direct relationship between wind speed and wind erosive in all regions. The results showed an approximate impact for rain, coefficient of drought and wind speed in the wind erosive in of Mosul and Kirkuk regions. Wind speed was most factor influencing in the wind erosive in Samawa (driest region) due to increased wind speed rates.
Saad Ahmad Hassoon, Agric. College, Baghdd Univ.
Mohammad Abdullah Al-Rawi, Agric. College, Baghdd Univ.
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