Mohammed Alwan Hashim,  Mohammed Radwan Mahmoud, Nasser Habib Mahabs
Muthanna University / Faculty of Agriculture / Department of Field Crops

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 158-168

Abstract

The Experiment carried out to study the effect treatment of acid salicylic in improving wheat and chickpea plants in the germination stage and seedling growth under salt stress during the agricultural season 2015-2016, designed the experiments according to the randomized complete design and included two types of crops: the first crop of wheat (Abu Ghraib) The second crop is chickpea plant (local variety) and the experimental work involved the first laboratory to determine the optimal concentration of salicylic acid (SA) in germination and growth of seedlings crop wheat, chickpeas stage was measured by the percentage of germination and length of shoot and root (mm) after the 3.5.7 days from sowing .The Experiment carried out by using sodium chloride, according to randomized complete design (0ds | m, 2ds | m, 4dS | m, 6dS | m, 8dS | m) by three replications , the percentage of germination of the length of the shoot (cm ), root length (cm), shoot fresh and dry weight (g), the weight of root wet and dry (g) after 20 days from sowing. the relative water content, chlorophyll concentration in the leaves were measured. the results showed the following: increased concentrations of salt led to decrease percentage of germination reached 61{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and 46{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and the average of : shoot length reaching 0.7 mm and 0.8 mm, root length14-mm and 20-mm, wet weight73 g and 85 g, dry weight 220 g and 248 g in wheat and chickpeas respectively, as well as soak seeds by acid, salicylic before planting a concentration of 1.5 mM reduced the negative effects of the concentration of high-salt, and improved values for all the studied indicators and the percentage increase follows: the average length of the shoot 73 and 37{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} , a radical 35 and 53.57{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} , an average wet weight of the root 27.05 and 43.83{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} , the average shoot 45 and 50{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} , the average dry weight of the root 27.69 and 45.2{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} , the average shoot 41.9 and 34.78{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} , the average relative water content of 10.98 and 28.35{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} the average concentration of chlorophyll 34.28 and 40.9{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} in wheat, chickpeas, respectively.

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A.J. Nassir,  M. N. Ramadhan, S.D .Mohssein
Machines and Agricultural Machineries Dept./ Agric. College/ Basrah University/ Basrah

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 100-119

Abstract

Experiment was conducted at the fields of Agricultural College- University of
Basrah, Karmatt-Ali campus according to randomized complete block design (RCBD) with a split plot arrangement of the treatments to study the effect of three forward speeds (1.30, 0.80, 0.41 m.sec-1) and three plowing depths (25, 15, 10 cm) on the field performance indicators i.e. draft force ,drawbar power , specific resistance, mean weight diameter (MWD), plowing efficiency and degree of plowing in silty – clay soil. The forward speeds was the main plots and tillage depths as sub-main plots. The soil bulk density was (1.30 Mg.m-3) and content moisture was (10.50 {8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}). The results showed that the increase in forward speed from 0.41 to 1.3 m.sec-1 led to a significant increase in draft force, drawbar power ,specific resistance ,plowing efficiency by (20.40, 106.62, 429.44, 109.45{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}), respectively, while the mean weight diameter (MWD) and the degree of plowing were decreased by (4.7 0.36{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}), respectively .While increasing plowing depth from 10 to 25 cm led to a significant increase in draft force, drawbar power and mean weight diameter (MWD) by (58.97, 49.50 , 82{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}) respectively and decreasing in specific resistance,
plowing efficiency and degree of plowing by (46,96 ,36.5, 48.8 {8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}) respectively. The interaction between forward speed and plowing depth was effected significantly on the field performance indicators. The highest level in draft force and drawbar power were 24.45 kw 22.84, kN respectively at forward speed 1.3 m.sec-1 and plowing depth 25 cm and highest level in specific resistance was 115.95 kN .m -2 .The best value of mean weight diameter (MWD) was 27.16 mm at forward speed 1.3 m.sec-1 and depth 10 cm and best value of plowing degree was 87{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} in forward speed 0.41 m.sec-1 and the depth of plowing 10 cm while the best plowing efficiency. value was 81{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} at forward speed 1.3 m.sec-1 and depth of plowing 10 cm.
Key words: chisel plow, draft force, specific resistance, draft power, mean weight diameter, degree of plowing, plowing efficiency.

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Aqeel Hajim Nasser Al –zalzaly, Mousa Amin Hassan, Ali Hussein Khalil Al-Halaly
Muthanna University / College of Agriculture / Livestock Department

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 120-132

Abstract

Experiment was conducted in research station (the first) of the Faculty of Agriculture/ University of Muthanna for the period from 07/22/2015 until 09/5/2015 in order to study the effect of adding aqueous extract of flowers Roselle recipes in body weight and increase the weight of consumer, feed and feed conversion coefficient for the Japanese quail , Used in the experiment 256 chicks day-old, were distributed randomly on four transactions by 64 chicks per transaction also distributed chick embryos per treatment to four equal replicates by 16 chicks each repeater, the study body weight and increase the weight of consumer and animal feed and food conversion at the age of two weeks, in end of the fourth week were separated by sex and body weight were measured the weight and increase the consumer, feed and feed conversion coefficient.

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Abud Imam Alun kife, Abood kalf majdy
The Technical Institute Of Shatrah

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 87-99

Abstract

Conducted a field survey using a questionnaire for nine apiaries distributed in northern, central and southern Dhi -Qar province, for the period from 1/2 / 2013- 05/01/2014 The results showed that the main reasons for the deterioration of beekeeping in the province of pests and vegetation and the failure of partitions and the use of pesticides and specialization as deterring the percentage of 100{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and 80{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, 20{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and 60{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and 44{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}, respectively, and had lesions influential role as a bird Abu-Khudair Iranian form of damage, followed by the biggest wasp. It comes lice blind third class, followed by the major wax worm varying degrees depending on the cells strength and there are other lesions accounted few cases, as in the rot disease brood either partitions failure was 20{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and that the best time to hold them from 15/2 to 1/3 as the success rate reached a 80And amounted to 70{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} for the period from 1/4 to 15/4 either vegetation was 20{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} and the damage was clear. Because the cultivated that cover the needs of the bees from the nectar and pollen.

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Zienab Ahmed Abdul- Razaq
College of Agriculture / University of Basra

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 77-86

Abstract

Field experiment was conducted during the winter season 2011-2012 in the Hartha area (north of Basra governorate 40 km from the city center) to study the response of three wheat varieties namely (IPA 99, Latifia and Abu Ghraib-3) to different levels from potassium fertilization 80, 120, 160 Kgk ha -1 and their interaction, the experiment was a split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replicates . Levels of potassium were main plots, while varieties as sub plots. The results Varieties showed significant differences in all traits except spike length and the {8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}protein, IPA 99 Variety recorded the highest yield (7.299) Kgk ha -1. Levels of potassium application among them in all traits except spike length with the rate of 160 Kgk ha -1 differed significantly highest total (7.353) Kgk ha -1. Interaction between varieties and potassium levels significantly affected all traits ,with IPA 99 variety at the level of 160 Kgk ha-1 gave the highest yield 7.916 Kgk ha -1 . We can conclude from this experiment that IPA 99 variety with the level of 160 Kgk ha-1 gave the highest yield

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Ragheb H. A. AL-Bourke
Muthanna University / College of Agriculture

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 64-76

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out at first research station (Um- alaakf ) field crop department / Collage of Agriculture/ University of al- Muthanna in season 2014-2015. The study was investigated the effect of spraying zinc and boron in different concentration (0, 25, 50, 75, 10 ppm Zn) and ( 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 ppm B)resp. on characters of growth and yield components of faba bean (Vicia faba L.). The experiment was designed by factorial experiment in R.C.B.D. with three replications. The result showed significant effect in different levels of spray zinc and boron , the concentration (100 and 75 ppm Zn) was superior in branches per plant, pod plant−¹ , seed number plant−¹, yield plant−¹(gm) it was (7.60, 7.13 branch plant−¹ , 12، 11.73 pod plant−¹ ، 3.86, 4.40 seed number plant−¹ ، 92 , 92.07 yield plant−¹(gm) ) frequency. Whilst the concentration 75 ppm zinc was superior in plant height, pod length, 100 seed weight ( 82.39 cm, 23.29 cm , 5489 gm) frequently and was significant with other levels, however the boron levels (60, 80 ppm) was superior in plant height, branch Plant−¹, pod length, pod plant−¹ ,seed pod−¹, yield plant−¹. It reach ( 80.25, 78.64 cm، 5.33,5.40 branch Plant−¹ ،
21.53, 21.85 pod length (cm)، 9.40,9.93 pod plant-−¹ ، 3.67, 4.06 seed pod−¹ ، 84.53, 86.40 yield plant−¹ (gm) ) frequency. The level of boron 60 ppm was significant superior in 100 seed weight it was 42.10 gm. The interaction boron and zinc showed high significant the combination ( Zn4+B4) was superior in most of characters, The pod plant−¹ was 5.67 ,99.67 gm yield plant−¹ and 100 seed weight reach 89.63 gm.

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Hanan Hashem Abdul Raza              Musa Amen Hassan
Muthanna University / College of Agriculture

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 52-63

Abstract

This study was conducted in the poultry field – Agriculture college – Al-Muthanna University to study the effect of adding of anise seed and rosella in diets on some physiological and carcass traits of Japanese quail. Two hundred and forty Japanese quail chicks , one day old, 9 gm body weight. The birds were distributed to four treatment (60 birds per treatment). The treatment groups as follow:
1. The first group : control.
2. second group : Use anise seed by 0.5{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} in the diet.
3.Third group : Use rosella by 0.5{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} in the diet.
4.Fourth group : Use anise seed and rosella by 0.25{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} for each in the diet.
Results showed significant increase in dressing percent age and main cuts of the treatment of the mixture (thigh, breast and drumstick), while a significant decrease (p ≤ 0.05) in the character of the relative weight of secondary part (back, neck and wings) compared to control group ,The results also showed significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in the blood characters (Red blood cells, Mean Corpusclar Volume, Mean Corpusclar Hemoglobin, Mean Corpusclar Hemoglobin Concentration, white blood cells, Packed Cell Volum and hemoglobin) for the treatment of the mixture (T4) when compared to the rest of the treatment, as well as T2 and T3 showed superior(p ≤ 0.05) on the control treatment (T1) while did not show significant differences them. We recommend using a mixture consisting of 0.25{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} of Pimpinella anisum 0.25{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d} of Hibiscus sabdariffa and these ratios at the same conditions to achieve the best productivity of equill.

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Turki Muftin Saad, Abdul-Karim hammed Hassan, Sofia Jabbar Jasim
Muthanna University / College of Agriculture, Agriculture Ministry

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 36-51

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in Rumaitha research station which belong to the national program for the development of wheat cultivation in Iraq during the agricultural season 2014 -2015 to evalvte the productivity of two wheat cultivation when planted after Mungbean. Mungbean was planted in the summer after inoculated its seeds whith three local isolates of bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum and sarum and seeds without a inoculation used as control treatment.Two wheat cultivars (Bhoth22, Rasheed) were planted later after harvesting of Mungbean,six treatment were used as follow:The first one is the recommendation level of chemical fertilizer,the other three treatment include the inoculation with three local Rhizobium leguminosarum isolates(R1, R2, R3) the fifth treatment was planted after non . inoculated Mungbean and sixth treatment include planted of wheat in soil not planted previously with any crop.the experiment was conducted using randomized block design designing RCBD in three replications for the two seasons .Results showed that inoculation of Mungbean with R leguminosarum increased significantly plant height ,number .of branches shoot dry weight and the dry weight and the number of root nodules.one the other hand results showed that Rasheed cultivar was superior in its chlorophyll content, flag leaf area, weight of 1000 grains , grains yield and grains content of the grain of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ({8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}). The recommended fertilizer level gave the highest average for most the qualities including chlorophyll content and flag leaf area at an average of 27.45 Spad and 41.87 cm2 respectively. In addation , inoculation with R2 isolation gave the best results compare with the two other isolates R1, R3. Results showed asignifcant interaction between wheat cultivars and other treatment and the combination (Rasheed × recommendation fertilizer ) gave the higest means for plant height , and weight of 1000 grains and protein content was (11.7 cm, 45.5 g, 9.6{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}) sequentially

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Ahmed Abass Salman                  Taghreed S.M.
Agriculture College Baghdad University /Muthanna University /College of Agriculture

Volume 4, Issue 1, 2016 Page 20-35

Abstract

The present study conducted rearing Iraqi artimia Artemia parthenogentica brought from Diala province in laboratory conditions tap water with a (25 Cᵒ , Ph =7.5) ,at postgraduated fish laboratory, Agriculture College ,University of Baghdad , by using animal Cow manure at concentraturns of 2,4 and 6 grams per liter salty water (85 part per thousand using sawah lake salt ,located in AL-Muthana province. Two initiated stoking densities of artemia were issued (25 and 50 individuals / L. The results showed the best growth rate , mature adult number and survival rates were found in 4 grams Cow manure/L,at density of 25individual/L. A density of 6 adult /L being reared in 4 gram Cow manure /Lfedand artificial diet, Has monthly produced on artemia biomass 1.398 grams /L . Adult wos sexually matured on 12 days at a length of 3.5 mm and 3.75 mm and this phenomenon occurs for the first time in Iraq and survival rate of 89{8aa0d92a9d700de00931fb59e75e46e902b43698544c97f28f7bec3700555d1d}for 6 grams Cow manure /L.

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